Engineering - Science topic

A rebar shaker is a vibratory device attached to steel bars which turns them into a vibratory instrument to consolidate the concrete. t is widely used in many civil engineering aspects. However, I need to learn further about rebar shakers from the researchers who could help in this regard. Thank you

I would suggest that Concrete re-vibration is a deliberate and systematic vibration of concrete that has been vibrated sometime before. It can be carried out at any time provided the concrete remains plastic and the vibration instrument penetrates concrete under its weight. However, the best results are achieved when this is performed before the initial setting time of concrete.

The purpose of re-vibration is to improve concrete properties such as compressive strength, water tightness, increase density, prevent concrete defects like a honeycomb, and enhance the appearance of the concrete surfaces. It is used to construct critical structures, such as reactor shields, dry docks, tankers, etc.

Now is your time to go through all of your responses up to this point in order to develop your vision for 2022!

What were the most beneficial aspects of this year that you wish to bring along into the new year? What are some behaviors or attitudes that you'd like to get rid of? What are the goals you didn't get to this year that you still want to accomplish?

A good place to start is to consider your ultimate aim, which is for most individuals in college.

Is there a particular college you want to attend? A subject of study or a job that interests you? Do you just want to ensure that when you reach your senior year, you'll have lots of options?

Once you've decided on a significant end goal, ask yourself, "What can I accomplish this year to come closer to that objective?"

This may be a difficult question to answer since you may first feel that you aren't all that different from the person who began the year.

But take a closer look! You've probably altered at least one aspect of your life in reaction to experiences over the year, whether in attitude, viewpoint, habit, or behaviors. Perhaps you had a difficulty or a life experience that caused you to think or act differently in certain situations. Perhaps you've formed a new habit or habitual response to deal with obstacles.

You only relate Architecture to Engineering or Computer. I work with Architectural History and Architectural Design and neither are contemplated in your "Disciplines" field. There is a great number of people working in these areas. If you don't have subjects like these, it's difficult to use your services as a place for grouping information.

Question-6: Are our programming languages sufficiently expressive for designing intelligent software? What would happen to a software system if an expected ‘if-then-else’ structures were indeterminable at design-time or exhausted at run-time?

Question-8: How may an intelligent software system be trusted and verified when its state space is infinitive in de facto, such as those of self-driving vehicles and mission-critical robots?

Question-2: Why have AI technologies been approached by data-driven neural networks rather than program-driven software engineering?

There is nothing worse for curb appearance than chipped and cracked concrete, particularly in steps. But you don’t have to put up with that blight any longer. By the result of weather changes exerted on an existing construction for prolonged time, it causes contraction and expansion those gradually results concrete steps cracks and break up with time.

Dear researchers, I would like to get expert opinions on how to fix this issue with,

prolonged sustainability .

Your answers are highly welcomed.

Human dynasty in its millennium era. We have identified fire from the friction of stones and now we are interacting with Nano robots. Once it was a dream to fly but today all the Premier league, La liga and Serie A players travel in airplane at least twice in a week due to the unprecedented growth of human science. BUT ONE THING IS STILL ELUDING IN THE GLITTERING PROFILE OF HUMAN DYNASTY.

Although we have the gravitation theory, Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism, Max Planck's Quantum mechanics, Einstein's relativity theory and in most recently the Stephen Hawking's Big bang concepts...… Why can't we still revert back and forth into our life?

Thermal mass is a property of construction materials to absorb, store, and release heat energy. It is an important element of passive solar house design and can be utilized for passive solar heating, passive solar cooling, or both. I would like to know, what is the most effective technique to quantify these kinds of thermal masses in an existing construction?

In recent years, there has been development of some innovative construction technologies that are changing the way we build. There are many new technologies that will have a significant impact on the future of the construction industry.

Today, construction companies are able to complete projects more quickly and efficiently than ever before. There are new technologies in demand for the future that will help with accuracy, sustainability and faster construction.

Any Thesis idea for MS Project Management? .. I am now working as a structural engineer but I hope to shift to project control. what kind of thesis may be as an intro to my new career. NB I have graduated 1 year ago.

I just completing my undergraduate degree in engineering and I want to be an independent scientist without joining any organisation or institute. I want to know, how to do research work and be an independent scientist and

how to open own engineering research lab and earn money.

If your answer is no; yes it is by thermal energy

Picture attached shows the case of complete reinforcement of raft foundation, but after sand storm, as appear, more than 20mm layer form from sand under the reinforcement.... on your opinion, what might do to continue with work...?

Thank you to everyone who took the time to give an opinion on my PhD research. In this study, your professional advice is much appreciated. There are (5) FIVE parts in this questionnaire that need around 20-30 minutes of your time to complete.

Dear researchers,

I am working on Mg composites fabricated by powder metallurgy. I have investigated the wear behavior of Mg-based composites with variation in temperature. I observed that wear rate increased with an increase in the wear temperature. Can anyone explain me in detail, why is it happening? What is the mechanism? I am looking for your responses.

Thank you so much.

Structural failures that cause the loss of life are argued by some to be because the engineers in charge were not licensed professional engineers by their respective government agencies.

Q1 of 2: What do you believe might reduce/eliminate the collapse of engineered structures?

Q2 of 2: Regardless of a professional engineers' license and a university engineering degree(s), what might be the "Root Cause" for such horrific failures?

Stay Healthy!

Cheers,

Bill

Q. : Students asked me that "we only study about different forms of energy, one form of energy getting converted to another forms of energy. But no one knows what is energy."

Ans: No answer

Q. Sir Why do we have to call something by the name that a scientists used long back, can't we change it.

Ans: Science or engineering is field of perspective, how one looks at something matters. But everything that you read in a book can be changed. If you wish you can express it in a different manner.

It is the terminology, that we learn, in which people who observed certain phenomenon used to explain a particular concept we follow. Learn. To make world understand what you have to say you have to first make them ready to understand. Otherwise no one would know.

Dear Colleagues,

Please, I need the doc template for Alexandria Engineering Journal.

I require it directly to download.

I appreciate any help you can provide.

I have a simulation code for a Horizontal Washing Machine.

The code solves the equations of motions of the system by Matlab ode45 and plots the vibration response of the system at the transient state of performance.

In this code, the frequency (omega) is an exponential function of time, as it's stated below (and its diagram is attached to 'the question'):

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

omega= (1-exp((-0.5)*t))*omega_0+(1-exp((-0.5)*heaviside(t-t1).*(t-t1)))*(omega_1-omega_0);

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[T,Y]=ode45(@snowa1,tspan1,initial_vector1);

plot(T,Y(:,1)-mean(Y(:,1)))

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

It is desired to :

First, increase the frequency to omega_0 by exponential1

Then, increase it to omega_1 by exponential2

But 'the problem' is that:

the displacement response shows an unexpected increase in frequency at the beginning of the second exponential increase (it becomes 20 Hz, which is much larger than the maximum frequency in the simulation- 10 Hz).

Do you know what could be the reason for this response?

Any help would be gratefully appreciated.

Greetings

It is very difficult for me to choose between these two majors for the master's degree

Although I think this is a question for many other students as well

Regardless of interest, which of these two disciplines do you think has a better future? Which has more job markets, in the US and Europe? Which one is more suitable for studying abroad? And which one has more income? Are jobs related to organic chemistry less than analytical chemistry?

Please share with me if you have information about these two fields and their job market.

Thanks

Data science is a growing field of technology in present context. There have been notable applications of data science in electronic engineering, nanotechnology, mechanical engineering and artificial intelligence. What kind of future scopes available for data science at civil engineering aspects in the field of structural analysis, structural design, geotechnical engineering, hydrological engineering, environmental engineering and sustainable engineering?

Yesterday I have read a news stating that The embryo fossil, nicknamed “Baby Yingliang,” was discovered in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province in southern China, and is believed to be at least 66 million years old. Researcher Dr. Fion Waisum Ma told the AFP news agency that the discovery is “the best dinosaur embryo ever found in history” (globalnews, 2021).

Although there were several discoveries of Dinosaur components such as:

Eggs

DNAs from thier remains

are frequently being discovered, Since the biotechnology development is in its Zenith at 2022, Why nobody has attempted to create a dinosaur?

Hello RG members,

Our team is engaged in preparing a comprehensive LCA tool that is freely available for any kind of users to facilitate the global warming potential calculation due to the building structures, pavement structures and hydraulic structures. In reference to this objective, I would like to get opinions from you on what type defects/failures/issues that you encounter with present life cycle assesment softwares such as Oneclick LCA, SimaPro and OpenLCA etc.

Your answers would help our team to develop a well structured LCA tool. Thank you

Complex graphical sketches are highly involved in Culmann's methods. Therefore, it is highly prone for getting deviations in magnitudes for resultant pressure on retaining wall. I would like to get suggestions from RG colleagues on why Culmann's graphical approach is mostly preferred in many research papers albeit Rankine's method is easy and precise in terms of equations and substitutions. I would welcome answers from both theoretical and practical perspectives.

Dear Research colleagues,

I have got some replies for my applications for postgraduate doctoral studies. While I analyze the replies, I have found the following issues:

1. Some replies are from good universities but the supervisors have less publications in my field of research.

2. Some replies are from universities with QS ranking below 1000 but the supervisors are with highly decorated profile with many editor positions and also with 150+ published peer review articles.

So which option do I need to chose to become a very good doctorate academic?

Dear colleagues,

I would like to request your collaboration to take part in the survey, available at the links: (EN): https://lnkd.in/djVdWne (IT): https://lnkd.in/dnvK3eJ (PT-BR): https://lnkd.in/dVGWmHv This questionnaire is part of the project aiming to analyze the transition from a linear economy to a circular economy, comparing developed and developing countries, at a macro level (nations, regions, cities). The project is a partnership between the University of Brasilia (Brazil), coordinated by Professor Patricia Guarnieri and the University of Bologna (Italy), coordinated by Professor Augusto Bianchini.

Your participation is very important to us. Please share with your network! Sincerely,

Patricia Guarnieri, Dr. Professor and Researcher Faculty of Economics, Business Administration, Accounting and Public Policies Management (FACE/UnB) - http://www.adm.unb.br/ University of Brasilia - UnB -  http://www.unb.br/ ORCID : http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5298-5348

CO₂ is used as raw material for chemical syntheses. It paves the opportunity to mitigate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, it is not mathematically or logically proved yet that carbon capture benefits the environment in terms of resource efficiency. In my opinion, I believe that the life cycle assesment (LCA) would be the most suitable tool to quantify the resource-based benefits due to carbon based methane (CH₄) production and to prove the resource efficacy of carbon capture.

I would like the researchers who read this discussion to provide their own ideas on whether LCA is the most suitable tool to identify the carbon capture resource efficacy or are there any methods better than LCA that can be applied on CO₂ based methane production.

I am searching on standard books on secondary WW treatment options such as oxidation ditch and maturation ponds. I would like to know which books do you recommend for students.

Do we need to be specific?

Sometime I feel that if we become specific with more details when we ask the questions, we loose some potential researchers from other fields. So the number of answers reduce, then it is difficult to get attention of other researchers. So at the end we do not get many answers.

What is your experience and opinion on this? Please share your thoughts as well.

When running AVL, the program outputs derivative values, however I have not been able to find documentation on whether the derivatives are dimensional, or dimensionless based on the *.AVL input file.

Hi for everyone,

I would like to do a Life Cycle Assessment comparison for teak timbers from various geographical locations. Could you please share with me any data that you have for carbon footprint on timber with their corresponding information?

I have prepared 6 manuscripts related to green roof substrates, 4 of them consist of experimental studies and 2 literature reviews. I have previously submitted some articles for 8 journals. But unfortunately I am continuously getting rejected due to "inappropriate content" for the corresponding journal. Meanwhile, some of the journals have facilitated me article transfer options and still I am getting rejected by those transferred journals with same reason of "inappropriate". I don't want to let my works in vain. Can anybody suggest me some suitable journals with high acceptance rate and have subscription options for publications?

It would be a tremendous help.

Hi

Do you know a journal or conference for publishing Book review in computer engineering ?

can you suggest me one?

thanks in advance

Excess of fluoride content in drinking water (more than 1.5mg/L) sourced from inland water bodies causes dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis. Although reverse osmosis (RO), electrodialysis, and distillation are available for deflouridating inland water bodies. However am not sure that how effective these methods can be used to deflouridate groundwater. I would like to hear some suggestions on the mechanisms effective at deflouridation of groundwater.

Jerk is defined as the rate of change in acceleration. But I would like to know some practical applications of Jerk inorder to have better understanding. I kindly request to suggest me some examples.

Hi, I hope you all will be fine. I need the suggestions for the Dissertation Topic of my MSc Electrical Power and Control Engineering. Your cooperation will be highly appreciated.

I am Interested in Solar PV technologies.

Thank you

Please help on that

Looking for power and control Engineering related answer

Which preprint server would you recommend for engineering and materials science field?

Hi everyone, Im looking for a word template for preparing a publication on the Journal of Building Engineering . Any help on this here?

Finding the seismic pressure is an important parameter to quantify the damages on structures during large earthquakes. Since soil force equilibrium in wedge approach can be used in site conditions there are no finite methods for laboratory experiments to study the seismic earth pressure behavior. A simple demonstration in this research area would help many students to understand its basic concept with good insight.

What options available for Engineering students to get better Industrial exposure in India

Hi,

I am currently working on my PhD in Control Engineering. I have run into a brick wall and it has consumed months of my time. I understand the following:

There are 4 types of configurations for a power converter:

Grid Forming

Grid Supporting Current

Grid Supporting Voltage

Grid Feeding

I am using the following paper to try and establish a microgrid of parallel converter:

1. When I establish a Grid Forming power converter, I set the w and v of the grid. I am then using a second Grid Supporting Current power converter, but the voltage of the grid become unstable. I have read in other threads that Grid Forming power converters cannot run in parallel with any other converters. I assume this is why this started.

2. I then try to establish 2 Grid Supporting Current power converters to run in parallel with each other. However, there doesn't really seem to be a way that I can synchronise them. I can get them to run when the power on the droop controller is the same, therefore the w are both the same and they synchronise. I tried to switch one of them for a Grid Feeding power converter, again this did the same as in part 1, it adjusted the voltage and it became unstable.

3. All of the models I have come across take the inner current loop voltage readers before the Capacitor but after the Inductor, as in the paper mentioned above. However, Simulink gives me an error about zero crossings, when I override it the AC output has major distortion in it.

How can I create a Simulink model with two parallel converters to run together ?

My goal is to create two or more parallel converters providing a single load so that I can create a controller that provides stability under actuator attacks.

The other papers I have based this off are:

You can see from these articles that the current reading is taken before the capacitor bank.

Dear colleagues, have you faced rejection from Alexandria Engineering Journal without any reason?

Want to understand the options available for Engineering students to enhance their Industrial exposure while studying.

Peer-reviewed (refereed or scholarly) journals - Articles are authored by specialists and vetted by numerous other experts in the subject before being published in the journal to assure the quality of the article. (The paper has a better chance of being scientifically sound, reaching reasonable findings, and so on.)

Because they have gone through the most rigorous review process, articles from scientific, peer-reviewed, academic, and refereed publications are more reputable than those from popular or trade journals ('magazines'). They also have the highest number of references or citations.

Hello,

I am Yvon françois TSOLEFACK engineer in electrical and energy engineering of Cameroonian nationality, and promoter of a positive energy road project for Africa, and more particularly in Burkina Faso (pilot country for the experimentation of the project), project which has earned me to won a few brawls and rewards at the end of certain national and international challenges and innovation competitions in energy. I had to consult (carry out a bibliographic review) several works already carried out in the field, via certain open research thesis platforms, which were very interesting. A great thank to all researchers amongs all of you in the field who kindly accept to share their work with me. However, I would also like to do a thesis in co-supervision between the doctoral school of the 2iE institute in Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso, and a suitable school / university which has the expertise in the experimentation of positive energy road technologies. My project (my desired theme) consists of designing a thermo-piezoelectric block capable of simultaneously exploiting the mechanical stresses of road traffic, and the heat stored by the roadways, to produce electricity. It will therefore be a question of carrying out modeling and simulation work in order to determine the optimal structure of the block according to road traffic, vehicle weight, sunshine (temperature profile, humidity, etc.), depending on the context, etc. In short, I would like to have advice from you (the researchers community) regarding the best adapted and advanced doctoral school laboratories in these positive energy road technologies, through which I could carry out my research, in collaboration with the doctoral school of the 2iE institute in Ouagadougou.

While waiting for a favorable result from you, please receive my sincere admirations and considerations.

Best regards,

Yvon François TSOLEFACK

Hello

With you, engineer/ Ahmed Mohamed El-Sayed

Teaching assistant at the Department of Construction and Building Engineering - Faculty of the Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, South Valley Branch in Aswan

Attached to you is a survey related to the research point and the factors affecting the partnership between the public and private sectors. The survey time will not exceed ten minutes.

Thanks for your time

Hello, Im currently in an Engineering module of Fluid Mechanics, and I was hoping if anyone could assist me in the process with these 2 questions while my Professor is absent. I feel my process is correct, but i keep getting answers only close to what the real answer is. I wont be reanswering these questions, so anyone who can properly get through it and arrive at the answer would be appreciated

Q1

'A fluid of density 807 kg/m3 flows through a sudden contraction into to a pipe of diameter 17 mm, with final mean velocity 2.4 m/s.

If the total pressure loss is 401 Pa, calculate the diameter of the vena contracta, in mm to 1 decimal place'

Answer: 14.3 ± 0.05

'Two sealed tanks, whose total pressures differ by 3,764 Pa, a are connected by a pipe of length 82 m and diameter 22.8 cm. A fluid of density 897 kg/m3 flows through from one tank to the other at a steady rate. Calculate the mass flow rate in SI units, to 3 s.f., when

Answer: 23.1 ± 0.05 (kg/s)

Thank you

'A hospital ventilator is fed by an oxygen supply at 177 g/s mixed with ambient air, density 1.295 kg/m3, at a rate of 0.69 m3/s. The gas mixture is humidified by the addition of 0.161 kg/s of water. Calculate the total mass flow of fluid supplied by the ventilator in kg/s, to 3 d.p.'

Hello, I am a First Year at my University taking Engineering, and need some help understanding this question.

The answer to it is 1.232kg/s

Thank you to anyone who can help!

Hospitals design evaluation

I have prepared magnesium green compacts from powders of different particle sizes. I observed that the green strength of compacts produced from fine powder was very low. Green compact splitted in two parts in the vertical plane during removal of green compact from the powder compaction dies. I repeated the experiment so many times and observed the same behavior. What can be the possible reason? Please explain.

What can cause severe bending conditions on the wind power plant's tower(only the tower part)? I assume that as the wind hits the blades it create a bending moment which vary linearly from wing tip to wing base. This moment will be transferred from blade's base to the top of the tower ( we have then a model like a beam with one end fixed and a bending moment on top). And I think that this moment has larger condtribution to tower's bending than the force coming from the wind as it hits the structure. Correct If I am wrong.

Assuming we have a piece of timber C16 - 100x100x1000mm and we apply UDL + a point load at middle point on it (parallel to the fibre) as shown below, how much will the timber compress between the force and the concrete surface ?

I have attached a sketch as well. Please see below.

If you could show a detailed calculation would be much appreciated. Thank you!

In an engineering research paper, the theory behind application is given lesser importance as compared to the actual applications. Typically such paper would differ from typical academic papers. What is the best approach to write engineering research paper?

How can I appling non-axisymmetric loads or displacement to an axisymmetric model? I use bilinear asymmetric-axisymmetric elements (CAXA4N), but I also want to impose the asymmetry to the loads. (I'm using ABAQUS)

We are interested to do some KD of our favorite lncRNA with the Cas13d describing in the paper: Transcriptome Engineering with RNA-Targeting Type VI-D CRISPR Effectors. Konermann S and al.

As anyone tried it ? Which tool are you used to design the guides ?

Thank you for your help,

This was the reference I found, but the manual seems not uploaded anywhere in the internet.

A.H.C. Chan (1995), User Manual for DIANA SWANDYNE II, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, UK

We know wind turbines extract energy from the wind in order to produce electricity, the wind downstream of a turbine has a lower energy content than the wind upstream. Suppose, the understudy region is formed of two zones (Figure attached). In the dark red zone, the initial wind velocity is greater than that in the light red zone.

Bearing in mind the different initial wind velocities, How to determine the resulting wind speed, due to the wake effect of turbine 1 on turbine 2 (case 1) and of turbine 3 on turbine 4 (case 2)?

Scenario: The problem in case 2, perhaps the recovered wind speed at turbine 4 is greater than V₀ =8 m/s (initial speed at light red region)

Hello everyone,

I hope you are doing well in this pandemic.

Currently, I am doing PhD in powder metallurgy. I am in the stage of submission, so looking for a postdoc. But, I am a little bit confused about the selection of the topic. I have worked on metal matrix composites, polymer matrix composites, and nanoparticles synthesis during my M.Tech and PhD. I have published papers in all three areas. Can anyone suggest which topic will be better for me (in terms of future scope, novelty)? I am looking for your valuable suggestions.

Thank you

I want to know your thoughts, can digital currency projects estimate the reliable value of ecosystem services on a global scale?

Hello everyone,

I have had experiment data of thermal expansion coefficient in axial and circumferential direction. How can I input them in ANSYS Workbench? As far as I know there is only Cartesian coordinate (x,y,z) in Engineering Data. There is idea about inputting material data as usual : z-axial; x,y-radial then changing Cartesian coordinate system to Cylindrical coordinate system. However, I am not familiar with that. Could you give me some codes or guidelines.

Thank you so much !

Dears

Can anyone have a background about this master course give me his opinion in it.

Hello everyone,

I have defined two different materials named by M1 and M2 in Engineering Data. How can I assign the materials to the body, in which M1 at step 1 and M2 at step 2?

Thank you so much!

About two years ago, I have submitted a manuscript to a reputed journal. After a couple of months of the peer review process, the response was “major revision has been requested”. I made the necessary adjustments and resubmitted it again. The Journal's editor responded that my manuscript requires minor revision. Well, the decision was <<"Revise for Editor Only'' he claimed that revision should be quick and it will not undergo the entire review process>>. Again, I made the required edits in order to make the manuscript acceptable for publication. Afterward, I resubmitted it. It is the day 120 and the status is "With Editor". In fact, I did send two emails to the editorial team to update the status. Their response to both emails was the same, saying that they contacted the editor to accelerate the process.

Dear readers, I need to have a piece of advice: what to do as a next step?

Thank you in advance,

Bassam

In the computer modeling and simulation of floatovoltaic systems in marine environments or freshwater reservoirs, a floating PV photovoltaic array performance model and simulation need to characterize the FSPV or FPV irrigation reservoir water evaporation benefits in sustainability assessment for sustainable development energy projects. Quantifying evaporative water-saving is a key project viability metric in a techno-economic model for FPV hydropower hybrid performance models for hydroelectric facilities, or to estimate floating PV array operating temperature or floating PV module internal cell temperature changes in comparative studies for floating FPV and ground-mounted PV or GPV.

Computer estimation of evaporation from a water surface of a water basin or wastewater basin is often calculated in Matlab or Python through mathematical evaporation models, by using parameters such as solar radiation, air temperature, humidity, water temperature, wind velocity, etc. While various applications and modifications of the Penman method, Penman-Monteith equations or Priestley-Taylor evaporation rates are used to predict or determine evapotranspiration rates in various solar water pond cover configurations, and PV floater design types as a sustainability indicator.

However, most water surface modeling or reservoir evaporation methodologies seem to be based on average daily solar irradiation rates, meaning real-time simulation model predictions need to be adapted to account for more instantaneous hour-to-hour solar irradiation data model inputs, ambient temperature variations, wind variations, airmass, relative humidity, water temperature or weather prediction data obtained from remote sensing and weather prediction data.

In a recent publication (link below) on environmental impact assessment of floating solar PV, we propose a method to time-normalize the hourly predictions of floating solar PV evaporation rates in a water-energy-land-food nexus metric, but would like to know from researchers and scientists if literature is available to discuss other scientific data engineering options for hour-to-hour or even-minute-to-minute evaporation rate estimations on open water surfaces as a means to quantify the evaporation savings of an FPV prototype in a real-time simulation model:

Also refer:

How can you decide the judgment on a specific article whether it is good or not, is your judgment depends on the title of the article or the abstract or the publishing journal or something else?

Please, share us your opinions about the discussion

Thanks

the VPL formula can be given here as,

f(P)=sum((a+b*P+c*P^2)+abs(e*sin(f(Pmin-P))))

Can anyone please explain if the value from the term (Pmin-P) in the above formula is in degrees or radians?

Some graphs plotted by dedicated experimental setup software need to be replot in different format, scale or for other various reasons. Many times the separate data in tabular form is not available. Can you please suggest the best tool for graph points extraction in such cases?

There are several university ranking agencies that are gaining popularity among students, parents, universities, private organizations, and even governments.

The criteria used by these agencies are so different that, being in a top 100 in one ranking might put you in the top 300 in the other. Should these rankings be taken seriously? Should they be used as a measure of the students' quality for postgraduate study, or job entry application?

Phd Research Suggestion on Geo technical Engineering?